25CrNi2MoV钢的微动磨损性能

采用微动摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦条件下对新型高速重载传动轴用25CrNi2MoV钢进行微动磨损试验,研究了不同载荷(50~200N)和频率(15~30Hz)下该钢的微动磨损性能。结果表明:在频率为20Hz条件下,当载荷由50N增至200N时,25CrNi2MoV钢的平均摩擦因数由0.766减至0.661,磨损体积由19.65×10^-3 mm^3增至75.83×10^-3 mm^3;在载荷为30N条件下,当频率由15Hz增至30Hz时,平均摩擦因数由0.790增至0.905,磨损体积由11.43×10^-3 mm^3增至23.88×10^-3 mm^3;在不同试验参数下,25CrNi2MoV钢磨损表面均出现了氧化和犁沟现象,磨损机制包含氧化磨损和磨粒磨损;在频率为20Hz条件下,载荷为50,100N时,25CrNi2MoV钢的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,载荷为150,200N时,主要磨损机制为疲劳磨损;在载荷为30N条件下,频率为15~25Hz时,磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主,当频率增至30Hz时,磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主。     

铸造式和焊接式主轴箱体的动态特性对比分析

利用有限元法和试验模态法对立式加工中心的铸造式和焊接式两种结构的主轴箱体进行了模态分析,分别获得了其前六阶固有频率和振型。通过对比两种方法获得的结果,验证了有限元分析模型的有效性。研究表明,两种主轴箱体的阻尼比接近,但焊接式主轴箱体的各阶固有频率均要高于铸造式主轴箱体的各阶固有频率。并且铸造式主轴箱体的固有频率更接近于机床主轴的常用工作频率,焊接式主轴箱体的则远离此频率。因此对于常用主轴转速而言,焊接式主轴箱体的动态性能要优于铸造式主轴箱体的动态性能。     

新型装配式冰场受力性能试验与模拟分析

为在2022年冬奥会期间将国家游泳中心泳池场地改造为冰壶场地,结合临时场地的新型制冰方式,提出了一种全装配式的冰壶场地及支承结构体系的构造作法.对此装配式冰场进行了现场试验测试和有限元受力性能分析,研究了装配式冰场的自振频率和振型特点,分析了冰场在使用荷载作用下的整体变形和各组件的应力水平,探讨了极端荷载作用下冰面受力、变形及开裂等关键问题.研究表明,所提装配式冰场方案具有较大刚度和承载力,能够满足冬奥会冰壶比赛对冰面的要求；此类冰场宜使用轻型浇冰车作业,大型浇冰车轮压引起的弯矩和剪力作用下冰面存在开裂的可能.     

Research on H2/Air rotating detonation in the hollow chamber with double injection

In order to investigate the relationship between high frequency tangential instability and continuous rotating detonation, series of H₂/Air rotating detonations are experimentally achieved in the hollow chamber with double injection sections. In the center part, gaseous H₂ and air injected by co-axial injector. Near the outer wall, the same propellants are injected in the form of slit-orifice collision. By keeping the total air mass flow rate approximately constant, varying the mixture of the inner and outer injection, series experiments are conducted in the test model with or without Laval nozzle. The results verify the possibility of rotating detonation in the hollow chamber with co-axial injector. To clarify the relationship between continuous rotating detonation and high frequency tangential combustion instability, the intrinsic frequencies of the test model are captured to be compared with propagation frequencies of detonation waves. The results show that they are close to each other when enough propellant assembled near the outer wall. In the combustor, the flame direction in constant pressure mode can change itself into rotating direction spontaneously. The results indicate that rotating detonation is an implication to high frequency tangential instability.     

Enhancing stability region of time‐delayed smart power grids by non‐integer controllers

In this study, the impacts of non‐integer order controller on the stable parameter space of the microgrid (MG) frequency control system with fixed communication time delay are investigated and discussed with the help of the stability boundary locus (SBL) method. This study proposes a non‐integer order controller for the load frequency control (LFC) of the MG systems. To that end, the load frequency model of the MG is formulated and then the characteristic equations of this model are obtained. Then, with the help of this characteristic equation, the stable parameter space of the non‐integer controller is determined with regard to different time delay (τ ) and fractional integral order values (α ) using the SBL method. In order to show the accuracy of the obtained stable parameter space, time domain and generalized modified Mikhailov (GMM) criterion studies are carried out for different values of (τ ) and (α ). According to the results obtained, the areas of stable parameter space according to different α values and τ = 1.6 are calculated as 444.8860 for α = 0.4 , 342.9728 for α = 0.7 , 259.3578 for α = 1 , 216.2541 for α = 1.3 and 159.6826 for α = 1.6 . In addition, the areas of stable parameter space according to different τ values and α = 1.4 are calculated as 784.5222 for τ = 1 , 106.3219 for τ = 2 , 29.6959 for τ = 3 and 11.5946 for τ = 4 . Despite the extreme variability arising from nature of resources that make up the MG, the designed non integer order controller with the values selected within the stable parameter space stably carries out LFC control of the MG.     

主回路滞流分支管振动超标的原因分析与设计优化

在某核电厂热态功能试验中，巡视发现主回路的某滞流分支管振动超标。根据实测振动随温度变化的趋势、管道固有声模态分析和模态分析等，推测管道内流体的声振动激励引发管道共振。根据滞流管三通处流体的漩涡脱落频率计算和声振动频率计算，推测漩涡脱落与滞流管内流体的固有声振动频率锁定，引发声振动激励放大。综合分析计算和实测结果，确定滞流管振动超标的原因为流声固耦合振动。对管道支架进行了优化，以错开声固耦合共振频率，在三通处倒圆角削弱漩涡脱落，以降低流声耦合的声振动幅值。优化后的分支管振动会明显降低，以保证承压边界的安全。     

F-OFDM仿真系统设计与时频同步算法

针对新一代5G波形的F-OFDM技术开展了研究,通过把一个宽带分为若干个子带,对每个子带进行滤波处理以实现更好的通信效能。基于Simulink平台进行了F-OFDM仿真系统的搭建,重点对F-OFDM符号同步方法和频偏估计方法进行了研究与仿真分析。实验结果表明,基于Chu序列相比采用PN序列可以获得更好的同步效果,基于导频的Classen频偏估计算法相比基于CP的CFO估计算法和基于训练序列的Moose估计方法可以获得更好的频偏估计效果。     

Movement and distribution of Sitophilus zeamais adults and relationship between their density and trapping frequency in wheat bulks under different grain temperatures and moisture contents

Movement and distribution of Sitophilus zeamais adults and relationship between their trapping frequency and insect density were determined in one tonne wheat with 11.5 ± 0.2, 12.5 ± 0.1 and 13.5 ± 0.2% moisture contents (wet basis) inside cylindrical bins at 20, 25 and 30 °C. The introduced adult densities were 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 adults/kg wheat (A/kg). Inside each bin, 15 probe traps were vertically installed in three layers. In each layer, five traps were installed at the center and half radii of the bin individually. The trapped adults were counted daily up to 7 d, and then 15 kg wheat was sampled at each trap location. The insect number in each sample was counted.The recovered adults in the top layer were less than that in the middle layer, while no significant difference between at middle and bottom layers. In each layer, adults preferred the center location at 0.5 A/kg, while this trend was unidentified at other densities. There was an autocorrelation of insect densities at adjacent locations at ≥ 1.0 A/kg, while no autocorrelation in the vertical direction. The adults had an aggregation distribution at any temperature, moisture content and adult density. The normal and Poisson model could not be used to describe the distribution of the count frequency of the adults in the samples, while the negative binomial model could describe this distribution in 18 out of 27 sampling sets at ≤ 1.0 A/kg. The trapping frequency was strongly influenced by the trapping period and increased with the increase of insect densities. The relationship between adult densities and trapping frequencies at the sampling locations had a significant difference at different grain temperatures, while no difference at different moisture contents, grain depths, and locations.     

Effect of lactose content on dielectric properties of whole milk and skim milk

Dielectric properties (dielectric constant ε′ and dielectric loss factor ε′′) of whole milk and skim milk with the lactose content of 4.56–6.44% and 4.57–6.47%, respectively, were measured over the frequency range of 20–4500 MHz at 25 °C using a vector network analyzer. The results showed that ε′ decreased with increasing frequency, and ε′′ changed with V shape and its minimum was noted at about 2000 MHz. Whole milk had lower dielectric properties than skim milk at almost same lactose content and a given frequency. ε′ had weak positive linear relationship with lactose content for whole milk, but had negative linear relationship for skim milk. No matter for which milk, ε′′ had very good negative linear relationship with lactose content below 1000 MHz and had good positive linear relationship above 2300 MHz. The study provides information on developing rapid lactose detector for milk in future.